Core principles of the process
To extract gold using coconut shell activated carbon, the CIP (Carbon in Pulp)/CIL (Carbon in Leach) process is typically employed. This method relies on the strong adsorption capacity of coconut shell activated carbon for gold cyanide complexes (Au(CN)₂⁻) in cyanide solutions to capture gold from the pulp. The gold is then recovered through desorption and electrowinning to form gold slime, which is finally smelted into gold bars.

Required Technical Parameters for Coconut Shell Activated Carbon
| Parameter | Recommended Value/Range | Description |
| Iodine Value (mg/g) |
≥ 1000–1100 |
Reflects microporosity development, positively correlated with cyanide ion adsorption capacity |
| Specific Surface Area (m²/g) |
1000–1200 |
BET test; higher microporous fraction is advantageous |
| Hardness |
≥ 98% |
Enhances wear resistance during circulation, reducing carbon consumption and fine powder loss |
| Ash Content (%) |
≤ 3–5 |
Low ash content minimizes impurity leaching and protects desorption systems |
| Moisture Content (%) |
≤ 5 |
Transport/feeding considerations |
| Apparent Density (g/cm³) |
0.48–0.55 |
Affects solid-liquid-solid ratio and residence time in towers/tanks |
| pH (Water Leachate) | 6-11 | Avoid acidic impurities |
Process(CIP/CIL)
1. CIP(Carbon in Pulp)
- First cyanide leaching, then adding carbon to the pulp to adsorb gold ions.
- Suitable for processing low-clay, fast-leaching ores.
2. CIL (Carbon-in-Leach)
- Activated carbon and cyanide are added simultaneously to the leaching tank, with adsorption occurring during leaching.
- More compact process, suitable for slower-leaching ores or those with high clay content.
Why choose coconut shell activated carbon over other materials?
- Coconut shell activated carbon exhibits the strongest adsorption capacity for gold due to its micropore structure (<2nm).
- High hardness and low wear rate ensure extended service life, reducing operational costs.
- High gold loading capacity allows greater gold uptake per unit of carbon, decreasing carbon replenishment frequency.
- Minimal impurities protect the desorption system, lowering maintenance expenses.
- Excellent regenerative properties: After thermal regeneration at 800–900°C, coconut shell carbon exhibits high adsorption capacity recovery and can be recycled over 10–20 times.
- The mainstream choice for global gold mines: Currently, nearly all major gold mines worldwide (South Africa, Australia, Ghana, China, Indonesia, etc.) use coconut shell activated carbon as the standard material for CIP/CIL processes.
Common Issues and Solutions
- Excessive carbon consumption → Check hardness; replace with higher-hardness carbon if necessary.
- Decreased adsorption efficiency → Perform regeneration/reactivation, or inspect carbon pores for organic blockage.
- High gold loss → Optimize adsorption time, pulp flow rate, and carbon dosage.
As a coconut shell activated carbon manufacturer, we supply bulk products for gold recovery to over 50 countries worldwide. Should you encounter any issues during use or procurement, feel free to contact us anytime for complimentary solutions.





